Menendez, Engel, Thompson & Nadler Reject Administration’s Legal Explanation for Halting Asylum Processing
Lawmakers Demand Additional Answers & Information
Washington—Today, Ranking Member Bob Menendez of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations and Chairmen Eliot L. Engel of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Bennie G. Thompson of the House Committee on Homeland Security, and Jerrold L. Nadler of the House Committee on the Judiciary rejected the Trump Administration’s legal justification for its decision to halt asylum processing during the COVID-19 pandemic. After seeking answers on this issue for nearly two months, the lawmakers received a deeply flawed legal opinion from the Department of State in late April that the administration apparently concocted after the Asylum Ban had been in effect for more than a month.
Writing to Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar, and Acting Secretary of Homeland Security Chad Wolf, the four congressional leaders questioned the public-health rationale of the Asylum Ban, pointing out that it places no restrictions on travelers arriving by plane or boat from countries with high rates of COVID-19. The lawmakers questioned how the suspension of processing asylum claims is consistent with U.S. and international law and sought details about who has been affected by this policy since it went into place.
“Protecting public health and protecting individuals from persecution or torture are not mutually exclusive – the United States must do both. As such, we are deeply concerned that the Administration appears to be using the COVID-19 outbreak as a pretext to expel asylum seekers in clear violation of its obligations under domestic and international law to protect individuals fleeing persecution or torture,” wrote Engel, Thompson, Nadler, and Menendez. “The April 24 Opinion does not alleviate these concerns. Instead, the opinion raises serious questions about the accuracy of the Administration’s claims of protecting public health, the legality of the Asylum Ban, and the Administration’s respect for the rule of law.”
The letter gave the administration a May 22 deadline to provide additional answers and information.
Last month, Chairmen Engel, Thompson, and Nadler voiced concern about the administration’s then refusal to provide any explanation about the decision to halt the processing of asylum claims. The legal opinion that the administration ultimately provided is dated April 24, suggesting it was crafted well after the policy had been put into place. The administration’s legal opinion can be found here.
Full text of the letter follows and can be found here.
Dear Secretary Pompeo, Secretary Azar, and Acting Secretary Wolf:
As Committees of jurisdiction over refugee, asylum and national security laws, we write to express our concern over the Trump Administration’s deeply flawed legal “justification” of its March 20 decision to suspend asylum processing in response to the COVID-19 outbreak (the “Asylum Ban”).[1] Notably, the Committees received this justification from the State Department on the evening of April 24 (the “April 24 Opinion”), a month and a half after the Committees’ request, and over a month after the announcement of the Asylum Ban—suggesting that the Administration developed this justification after implementing the ban. Protecting public health and protecting individuals from persecution or torture are not mutually exclusive – the United States must do both. As such, we are deeply concerned that the Administration appears to be using the COVID-19 outbreak as a pretext to expel asylum seekers in clear violation of its obligations under domestic and international law to protect individuals fleeing persecution or torture.
The April 24 Opinion does not alleviate these concerns. Instead, the opinion raises serious questions about the accuracy of the Administration’s claims of protecting public health, the legality of the Asylum Ban, and the Administration’s respect for the rule of law.
Therefore, we request that your agencies provide detailed answers to the following questions no later than 5:00 PM on Friday, May 22, 2020:
a. Is the Administration’s position that it does not have any obligation to conform its conduct to the 1967 Refugee Protocol? If so, please explain.
b. If not, please provide a detailed explanation of how the Asylum Ban comports with such international obligations.
3. Several foreign governments have taken measures to adhere to international legal obligations with respect to refugees, even as they take measures to protect public health and reduce the spread of COVID-19. For example, Mexico has designated the registration of new asylum claims an essential activity, and 20 European countries have explicitly exempted asylum-seekers from entry bans and border closures.[3] Did the Administration consider adopting best practices from other countries to meet our domestic and international legal obligations towards asylum seekers and unaccompanied children in a manner consistent with public health initiatives to stop the spread of COVID-19? Please provide any memoranda or other documents containing such analysis.
5. Please cite all prior instances in which 42 USC § 265 has been invoked as a basis to regulate immigration entries, admissions, expulsions, or returns or repatriations of any kind. Please also cite any and all evidence in the legislative history of 42 USC § 265 indicating that it was intended to regulate immigration.
a. How many individuals have received the screening under the Convention Against Torture?
b. How many individuals have been exempted from expulsion as a result of such screening?
c. Please describe, in detail, each step in the screening process, and provide copies of any guidance documents given to CBP personnel conducting the screening.
8. Since the enactment of the Asylum Ban on March 20, 2020, how many individuals have been expelled from the United States to Mexico or Canada pursuant to the Ban? How many individuals have been rapidly expelled, returned, or otherwise repatriated to their countries of origin pursuant to the Ban? How many of the individuals in each category were unaccompanied minors? How many were part of a family?
The Committees are prepared to engage directly and cooperatively with the Departments of State, Health and Human Services, and Homeland Security in the fulfillment of this request. Should the Departments not provide the requested responses by 5 PM on Friday, May 22, 2020, the Committees will consider additional measures to obtain this information.
Thank you for your prompt and thorough attention to this important matter.
Sincerely,
[2] See, e.g., The Refugee Act of 1980, Pub. L. No. 96-212 (Mar. 17, 1980); INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 436 (1987); Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services Fee Schedule and Changes to Certain Other Immigration Benefit Request Requirements, 84 Fed. Reg. 62280, at n.158 (Nov. 14, 2019); 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, opened for signature July 28, 1951, 19 U.S.T. 6259, 189 U.N.T.S. 137; 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, open for signature Jan. 31, 1967, 19 U.S.T. 6223, 606 U.N.T.S. 267.
[3] See, e.g., United Nations High Commissioner on Refugees (“UNHCR”), Despite pandemic restrictions, people fleeing violence and persecution continue to seek asylum in Mexico, https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2020/4/5ea7dc144/despite-pandemic-restrictions-people-fleeing-violence-persecution-continue.html (Apr. 28, 2020); and UNHCR, Practical Recommendations and Good Practice to Address Protection Concerns in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic, https://data2.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/75453 (Apr. 15, 2020).
Press Contact
Juan Pachon 202-224-4651
Next Article Previous Article